12.8.1949 נולד בישראל
1967-1973 ביה"ס לרפואה של האוניברסיטה העברית והדסה¬ ירושלים
1973 תעודת תלמיד מצטיין תשל'ג - ביה"ס לרפואה של האוניברסיטה העברית והדסה ירושלים
1973 עבודת גמר: "הארכת חיי שתלי עור בעכברים ע"י טיפול בתורמי השתל"
1973-1974 סטאג': בית החולים האוניברסיטאי של הדסה, ירושלים
1974-1978 שרות צבאי: רופא גדודי, רופא היחידה לפינוי בהיטס
1976-1977 ביה'ס ללמודי המשך ברפואה, אוניברסיטת ת"א: אימונולוגיה, מיקרוביולוגיה וכירורגיה כללית
1977-1978 מחקר בפיזיולוגיה סביבתית ופיזיולוגיה של המאמץ – היחידה לפיזיולוגיה צבאית ומכון הלר למחקר רפואי, המרכז הרפואי ע'ש שיבא ואוניברסיטת תל-אביב
1979-1985 התמחות בכירורגיה כללית וכירורגיית ילדים, המחלקה לכירורגיה כללית וכירורגיית ילדים, ביה'ח הדסה הר-הצופים
1981 שנת התמחות בכירורגיית ילדים, ביה"ח לילדים בפילדלפיה, פנסילבניה, ארה"ב
1981 בוגר קורס מיקרוכירורגיית כלי דם, ביה"ח לילדים בפילדלפיה, פנסילבניה, ארה"ב
1985 אישור מומחיות בכירורגיה כללית
1986 אישור מומחיות בכירורגיית ילדים
1989 אישור המועצה המדעית למתן התמחות מלאה בכירורגיית ילדים ביחידה לכירורגיית ילדים, הדסה הר הצופים ע"י ד'ר יודסין
1991 מנהל היחידה לכירורגיית ילדים, ביה"ח הדסה הר הצופים
1999 מנהל המחלקה לכירורגיית ילדים, ביה"ח הדסה עין כרם
נסיון אקדמי
1977 מרצה בפיזיולוגיה בחוג לגיאוגרפיה, אוניברסיטת תל-אביב
1977-1978 מרצה רשמי בפיזיולוגיה בבית הספר לרפואה צבאית, צה"ל
1977-1993 יועץ מדעי רפואי, משרד החינוך והתרבות, המרכז לטלויזיה לימודית ע"י אוניברסיטת תל-אביב
1985 ; 2001 פרס הפקולטה ע"ש פרופ' י. היילפרין ז"ל למרצה מצטיין בהוראה קלינית
1982, 1983, 1985, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002 -מורה מצטיין בהוראה קלינית בכירורגיה,רשימת הדיקן¨
1983-1985 בוגר סדנאות לשיפור ההוראה: סדנה לשאלות מבחן וסדנה למיומנויות הוראה, אוניברסיטת בן-גוריון בנגב, באר-שבע
1982 מרצה בכירורגיה, ביה"ס לרפואה של האוניברסיטה העברית והדסה
1985 מרצה בכיר קליני בכירורגיה, ביה"ס לרפואה של האוניברסיטה העברית והדסה
1991 מרצה בכיר בכירורגיה, ביה"ס לרפואה של האוניברסיטה העברית והדסה
1996 פרופסור חבר בכירורגיה, ביה"ס לרפואה של האוניברסיטה העברית והדסה
חברות באגודות
1974 הסתדרות רפואית בישראל
1977 האגודה הישראלית לפיזיולוגיה ופרמקולוגיה
1985 איגוד הכירורגים בישראל
1985 החברה הבריטית לכירורגיית ילדים
1986 החברה הישראלית לכירורגיית ילדים
1986החוג הישראלי לגסטרואנטרולוגיה פדיאטרית ותזונה
1986 החוג לרפואת ילדים אוניברסיטת ירושלים
1986 החברה הביןלאומית לכירורגיה
1998 החברה הישראלית לתנועתיות המעי
1999 החברה הישראלית לכירורגיה אנדוסקופית
יולי 2007 יו"ר האיגוד הישראלי לכירורגית ילדים
List of Publications
1. Udassin R, Schlesinger M, Ben-Hur N: Prolonged survival of skin grafts in mice following treatment of the donor with fractions of cell-free Ehrlich ascites fluid. Eur J Cancer 13:1163-1168,1977
2. Udassin R, Shoenfeld Y, Shapiro Y, Birenfeld Ch, Sohar E: Serum glucose and lactic acid concentrations during prolonged and strenuous exercise in man. Am J Phys Med 56:249-256,1977
3. Shoenfeld Y, Pick AI, Schreibman S, Zelikovsky A, Woloch Y, Mintz A, Udassin R, Pinhas J: Carcinoembryonic antigens. Harefuah 93:177-181,1977 (in Hebrew)
4. Shoenfeld Y, Udassin R, Shapiro Y, Ohri A, Sohar E: Age and sex difference in response to short exposure to extreme dry temperature. J Appl Physiol 44:1-4,1978
5. Shoenfeld Y, Udassin R, Shapiro Y, Birenfeld Ch, Magazanik A, Sohar E: Optimal back pack load for short distance hiking. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 59:281-284,1978
6. Shoenfeld Y, Udassin R, Birenfeld Ch, Shapiro Y, Prise E, Sohar E: Aerobic work capacity in high school students in the "Kibutz" (communal settlement) in Israel. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 18:385-390,1978
7. Shoenfeld Y, Levy Y, Ohri A, Shapiro Y, Udassin R, Roseen N: Orthostatic examinations in amputees and spinal cord injuries. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 59:138-141,1978
8. Sohar E, Udassin R, Shoenfeld Y, Magazanik A, Revach M: Cold induced profuse sweating on back and chest: A new genetic entity. Lancet 2:1073-1074,1978
9. Shapiro Y, Magazanik A, Udassin R, Ben-Baruch G, Shvartz E, Shoenfeld Y: Heat intolerance in former heatstroke patients. Ann Intern Med 90:913-916,1979
10. Epstein Y, Udassin R, Sack Y: Serum 3,5,3' - triiodothyronine and 3,3,5' - triiodothyronine concentrations during acute heat load. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 49:677-678,1979
11. Epstein Y, Udassin R, Kobyliansky E, Shapiro Y, Shoenfeld Y: Anthropological and physiological characteristics of the different ethnic groups in Israel. S Afr J Res port Edu Rec 2:5-8,1979
12. Margalioth E, Udassin R, Shoenfeld Y: Physiology of man at high altitude. In: Shmida A and Livne M ed. Mt. Hermon - nature and landscape. Hakibutz Hameuchad Pubs Co., 1980;240-247 (in Hebrew)
13. Udassin R, Keren G, Shoenfeld Y: Acclimatization to heat. Harefuah 1:31-34,1980 (in Hebrew)
14. Magazanik A, Epstein Y, Udassin R, Shapiro Y, Sohar E: Tap water - an efficient method for cooling heatstroke victims - a model in dogs. Aviat Space Environ Med 51:864-866,1980
15. Udassin R, Harari Z, Shoenfeld Y, Keren G: Cholinergic urticaria - a seasonal disease. Arch Intern Med 141:1029-1030,1981
16. Shapiro A, Shoenfeld Y, Konikoff F, Udassin R, Shapiro Y: The relationship between body temperature and intraocular pressure. Ann Ophtalmol 13:159-161,1981
17. Epstein Y, Keren G, Udassin R, Shapiro Y: Way of life as a determinant of physical fitness. Eur J Appl Physiol 47:1-5,1981
18. Udassin R, Nissan S, Lernau OZ, Hod G: The mild form of Hirschsprung's disease (short segment) - 14 years experience in diagnosis and treatment. Ann Surg 194:767-770,1981
19. Shapiro A, Shapiro Y, Udassin R, Shoenfeld Y, Konikoff F: The effect of salt loading diet on the intraocular pressure. Acta Ophtalmol 60:35-40,1982
20. Lernau OZ, Udassin R, Vinograd I, Stamler B, Nissan S: Pseudo and true Hirschsprung's disease in one family. Am J Gastroenterol 77:374-376,1982
21. Udassin R, Neuman A, Lernau OZ, Mogle P, Nissan S: Elongation of the upper pouch in esophageal atresia. Isr J Med Sci 18:955-957,1982
22. Rosenberg HK, Udassin R, Howell C, Betts J, Schnaufer L: Duplication of the uterus and vagina, unilateral hydrometrocolpos, and ipsilateral renal agenesis: Sonographic aid to diagnosis. J Ultrasound Med 1:289-291,1982
23. Udassin R, Nissan S, Lernau OZ, Vinograd I, Goldberg MD: Gastric devascularization - an emegency treatment for hemorrhagic gastritis in the neonate. J Pediatr Surg 18:579-580,1983
24. Udassin R, Aviad I, Vinograd I, Nissan S: Isolated emphysematous gastritis in an infant. Gastrointest Radiol 9:9-12,1984
25. Vinograd I, Udassin R, Goldberg M, Lernau OZ, Nissan S: Primary esophageal anastomosis in congenital atresia with long gap between esophageal stumps. Harefuah 106:3-5,1984 (in Hebrew)
26. Vinograd I, Merguerian P, Udassin R, Mogle P, Nissan S: An experimental model of a submucosally tunnelled enteric valve for the replacement of the ileo-cecal valve. J Pediatr Surg 19:726-731,1984
27. Alpan G, Eyal F, Vinograd I, Udassin R: Localized intestinal perforations after enteral administration of indomethacin in premature infants. J Pediatr 106:277-281,1985
28. Udassin R, Vinograd I, Alpan G, Arad I: Percutaneous subclavian venous catheters in premature infants weighing less than 1500 gm. Am J Perinatol 2:118-120,1985
29. Margalioth E, Udassin R, Maor J, Schenker JG: Serum copper level in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer 56:856-859,1985
30. Glick B, Alpan G, Vinograd I, Udassin R, Mogle P, Eyal F: Meconium plugs and intussuception in a premature infant. Am J Perinatol 2:67-69,1985
31. Vatashsky E, Udassin R: Capnography in general anesthesia. Harefuah 109:283-288,1985 (in Hebrew)
32. Vinograd I, Udassin R, Beilin B, Neuman A, Maayan Ch, Nissan S: The surgical management of children with familial dysautonomia. J Pediatr Surg 20:632-636,1985
33. Vinograd I, Udassin R, Arad I, Nissan S, Eyal F: Outcome of major surgery in preterm infants weighing less than 1500 grams. In: Puri P, ed. International Symposium on Surgery and Support of the Premature Infant, Dublin 1984. Modern Problems in Paediatrics, 23:74-81,1985
34. Udassin R, Vinograd I, Hadary A, Nissan S: Continuous mid- esophageal pH monitoring in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux in children. Harefuah 110:219-223,1986 (in Hebrew)
35. Zamir O, Udassin R, Aviad I, Nissan S: Adrenal abscess - a rare complication of neonatal adrenal hemorrhage. Pediatr Surg Int 2:117-119,1987
36. Udassin R, Zamir O, Peleg O, Lernau OZ: Coexisting left diaphragmatic hernia and esophageal atresia. Pediatr Surg Int 2:301-303,1987
37. Margalioth EJ, Udassin R, Cohen C, Maor J, Anteby SO, Schenker JG: Serum copper level in gynecologic malignancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 157:93-96,1987
38. Zamir O, Hadary A, Udassin R, Nissan S: Pyocolpos - a rare cause of neonatal sepsis. Pediatr Surg Int 2:362-364,1987
39. Arber N, Udassin R, Amir G, Zamir O, Nissan S: Localized pseudomembranous colitis simulating carcinoma of the cecum. Am J Gastroenterol 82:1193-1195,1987
40. Amit R, Glick B, Gutman A, Udassin R, Shapira Y: Muscle carinitine deficiency in neurogenic atrophy. Ann Neurology 22:450-451,1987
41. Zamir O, Goldberg M, Udassin R, Peleg O, Nissan S, Eyal F: Idiopathic gastrointestinal perforation in the neonate. J Pediatr Surg 23:335-337,1988
42. Udassin R, Zamir O, Nissan S: Pneumoperitoneum in the infant: Diagnostic and therapeutic paracentesis in selected patients. Pediatr Surg Int 4:260-262,1988
43. Zamir O, Mogle P, Udassin R: Multiple gastrointestinal atresias with intraluminal calcifications. Am J Perinatol 5:293-294,1988
44. Zamir O, Shapira SC, Udassin R, Peleg O, Arad I, Nissan S: Gastrointestinal perforations in the neonatal period. Am J Perinatol 5:131-133,1988
45. Zamir O, Udassin R, Arad I, Goldberg M, Peleg O, Lernau OZ, Nissan S: Surgical treatment of premature infants. Harefuah 114:265-268,1988 (in Hebrew)
46. Silberman S, Udassin R, Zamir O, Nissan S: Necrotizing enterocolitis in older infants and children. Pediatr Surg Int 4:35-38,1988
47. Zamir O, Udassin R, Arad I, Peleg O, Lernau OZ, Nissan S: The prognosis of low-birth-weight infants undergoing major surgery. Pediatr Surg Int 4:16-20,1988
48. Amit R, Gutman A, Udassin R, Barash V, Kohn G: Ring 18 chromosome with mental retardation, hemidysmorphism, and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. Pediatr Neurol 4:301-304,1988
49. Zamir O, Rosenn B, Udassin R, Nissan S, Palti Z: Peritonitis and empyema following the use of dextran in tubal operations. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 29:181-183,1989
50. Assia E, Udassin R, Epstein Y, Shapiro Y, Sohar E: Physiological responses to heat and effort and complaints of hyperperspiration. Harefuah 116:617-620,1989 (in Hebrew)
51. Arad I, Peleg O, Udassin R, Zamir O, Goldberg M, Lebensart P: Gallbaldder distention in premature neonates receiving parenteral nutrition. J Perinat Med 17:337-340,1989
52. Udassin R, Nissan S: Management of trauma of the spleen. Harefuah 116:586-590,1989 (in Hebrew)
53. Szold A, Udassin R, Zamir O: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia presenting after the neonatal period. Harefuah 118:389-391,1990 (in Hebrew)
54. Uretzky G, Appelbaum Y, Younes H, Udassin R, Nataf P, Borman JB: Long-term evaluation of a new selectively biodegradable vascular graft coated with polyethylene oxide-polylactic acid for right ventricular conduit. An experimental study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 100:769-776,1990
55. Seror D, Szold A, Udassin R, Shvil Y, Branski D: Surgical complications in hemolytic uremic syndrome. Pediatr Surg Int 5:214-215,1990
56. Haskel Y, Udassin R, Chevion M: MPP+ toxicity in E. coli under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Free Radic Res Commun 12-13 Pt 2:697-702,1991
57. Szold A, Udassin R, Seror D, Mogle P, Godfrey S: Acquired tracheo-esophageal fistula in infancy and childhood. J Pediatr Surg 26:672-675,1991
58. Udassin R, Ariel I, Haskel Y, Kitrossky N, Chevion M: Salicylate as an in-vivo free radical trap: Studies on ischemic insult to the rat intestine. Free Radic Biol Med 10:1-6,1991
59. Udassin R, Ariel I, Haskel Y, Kitrovsky N, Chevion M: Direct evidence for the involvement of free radicals in ischemic insult to the intestine. Free Radic Res Commun 12-13 Pt 2:721-724,1991
60. Haskel Y, Udassin R, Chevion M: Mechanistic aspects of l-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium toxicity in Escherichia coli: the role of oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Isr J Med Sci 27:207-212,1991
61. Amir G, Silberman S, Neeman Z, Udassin R, Seror D, Rosenmann E: Inflammatory pseudotumour of the lung - fibrous histiocytoma type. Pediatr Surg Int 6:353-356,1991
62. Carmon M, Seror D, Udassin R, Feigin E, Szold A, Rimon B, Freund HR: Feeding jejunostomy for post-operative nutritional support. Clin Nutr 10:298-301,1991
63. Udassin R, Seror D, Vinograd I, Zamir O, Godfrey S, Nissan S: Nissen fundoplication in the treatment of children with familial dysautonomia: Long term results in 34 patients. Am J Surg 164:332-336,1992
64. Dollberg S, Udassin R, Ginat-Israeli T, Weidenfeld J, Branski D: Eicosanoids in hypoxic insult to neonatal rabbit bowel. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 15:130-134,1992
65. Hanani M, Udassin R, Ariel I, Freund HR: A simple and rapid method for staining the enteric ganglia. Application for Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg 28:939-941,1993
66. Vinograd I, Udassin R: Tracheobronchial injury, in Eichelberger MR, ed. Pediatric Trauma, chap 39. Mosby Year Book Co. Philadelphia, PA, 1993, pp 426-433
67. Avital A, Udassin R, Bar-Ziv J, Schachter J, Godfrey S, Springer C: Bronchogenic cyst associated with left lower lobe bronchiectasis. Pediatr Pulmonology 16:323-325,1993
68. Pappo I, Vromen A, Seror D, Udassin R: Spontaneous splenic rupture associated with facial erysipelas. Harefuah 124:410-411,1993 (in Hebrew)
69. Carmon M, Seror D, Goldstein B, Feigin E, Udassin R: A pitfall in the technique of jejunal tube insertion resulting in jejunal perforation. J Pediatr Surg 29:1395-1396,1994
70. Udassin R, Vromen A, Haskel Y: The time sequence of injury and recovery following transient-reversible intestinal ischemia. J Surg Res 56:221-225,1994
71. Reissman P, Udassin R, Goldin E, Durst AL: Management of an inadvertently sutured nasogastric tube after Nissen fundoplication. Gastrointest Endosc 40(2 Pt 1):260-261,1994
72. Udassin R, Eimerl D, Schiffman J, Haskel Y: Epidural anesthesia accelerates the recovery of postischemic bowel motility in the rat. Anesthesiology 80:832-836,1994
73. Eimerl D, Udassin R: Epidural drugs also act systemically (letter to the editor, in reply). Anesthesiology 81:787,1994
74. Udassin R, Szold A: Laparoscopic inguinal repair (Book Review). N Eng J Med 332:130,1995
75. Feigin E, Udassin R, Seror D, Szold A, Ben Neriah Z, Glick B: Antley-Bixler syndrome and esophageal atresia in a patient with trisomy 21. Clin Genet 47:53-55,1995
76. Hanani M, Louzon V, Udassin R, Freund HR, Karmeli F, Rachmilewitz D: Nitric oxide-containing nerves in bowel segments of patients with Hirschsprung's disease. J Pediatr Surg, 30:818-822,1995
77. Udassin R, Eimerl D, Schiffman J, Haskel Y: Postischemic intestinal motility in the rat is inversely correlated to the length of ischemia: An in-vivo animal model. Dig Dis Sci, 40:1035-1038,1995
78. Udassin R. Pyloric Stenosis. in. Freier S, ed. CurrentCare in Pediatrics. Boston, HyperMed Ltd. and SilverPlatter Inc., 1995 (Version 2 and on)
79. Szold A, Zamir O, Vromen A, Udassin R: Laparoscopic surgery in children and adolescents. Harefuah 129:166-169,1995 (in Hebrew)
80. Udassin R, Vromen A, Seror D, Haskel Y: Pentoxifylline attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury to the small intestine in the rat. Pediatr Surg Int 11:329-333,1996
81. Udassin R, Granger DN. Neutophils and gut ischemia. In: Faist E, Baue, AE, Schildberg FW (eds.) The immune consequences of trauma, shock and sepsis - mechanisms and therapeutic approaches. Volume 1. Inflammation and tissue injury: Basic mechanisms and pathophysiology. Lengerich ; Berlin ; DŸsseldorf ; Riga ; Scottsdale AZ (USA) ; Wien ; Zagreb ; PABST Science Pubs., 1996, pp. 596-607.
82. Szold A, Udassin R, Maayan C, Vromen A, Seror D, Zamir O: Laparoscopic modified Nissen fundoplication in children with familial dysautonomia. J Pediatr Surg 31:1560-1562,1996
83. Nissan A, Seror D, Udassin R: Gastric outlet obstruction caused by prepyloric mucosal diaphragm mimicking duodenal ulcer. Acta Paediatrica 116:116-118,1997
84. Udassin R, Haskel Y, Seror D: Cooling strangulated intestine before and following release of an obstruction protects from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Arch Surg, 132:406-409,1997
85. Bar-Oz B, Fields SI, Peleg O, Udassin R, Arad I: Late-appearing diaphragmatic hernia following resolution of right pleural effusion. Acta Paediatrica 86:431-433,1997
86. Prus D, Rosenberg AE, Blumenfeld A, Udassin R, Ne'eman Z, Young RH, Ariel I: Infantile hemangioendothelioma of the ovary: a monodermal teratoma or a neoplasm of ovarian somatic cells? Am J Surg Pathol, 21:1231-1235,1977
87. Udassin R: Anatomy of nerves and muscles, McMinn's interactive clinical anatomy, Imaging atlas of human anatomy (Book Review). N Eng J Med337:286,1997
88. Zamir O, Udassin R, Seror D, Vromen A, Freund HR: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication in children under 2 years of age. Surg Endosc, 11:1202-1205,1997
89. Seror D, Zamir O, Udassin R, Vromen A, Allweis TM, Freund HR: Nissen fundoplication by laparoscopy. Harefuah 133:184-186,1977 (in Hebrew)
90. Udassin R, Haskel Y, Seror D, Welbourne TC: Plasma-to-lumen clearance of paraaminohippurate can replace 51Cr-EDTA clearance in the evaluation of intestinal mucosal injury. Pediatr Surg Int 13(2-3):112-4,1998
91. Udassin R, Haskel Y, Samuni A: Nitroxide radical attenuates ischemia/reperfusion injury to the rat small intestine. GUT 42:623-627,1998
92. Freund HR, Zamir O, Haskel Y, Vromen A, Spira RM, Beglaibter N, Udassin R: Thoracoscopic surgery in a general surgical service. Surg Laparos Endosc, 9:39-41,1999
93. Picard E, Udassin R, Ramu N, et al. Pulmonary fibrosarcoma in childhood: fiber-optic bronchoscopic diagnosis and review of the literature. Pediatric Pulmonology 27:347-50,1999
94. Koplewitz BZ, Daneman A, Fields S, Udassin R, Ein SH. Case 29 [In Process Citation]. Radiology. 216(2):377-8,2000
95. Koplewitz BZ, Daneman A, Fields S, Udassin R, Ein SH. Case 29: gastric trichobezoar and subphrenic abscess. Radiology 217(3):739-42,2000
96. Higazi AA, Nassar T, Ganz T, Rader DJ, Udassin R, Bdeir K, Hiss E, Sachais BS, Williams KJ, Leitersdorf E, Cines DB: The alpha-defensins stimulate proteoglycan-dependent catabolism of low- density lipoprotein by vascular cells: a new class of inflammatory apolipoprotein and a possible contributor to atherogenesis [In Process Citation]. Blood. 96(4):1393-8,2000
97. Preminger A, Udasin R, Pappo O, Arad I: Ectopic liver tissue within the umbilical cord. J Pediatr Surg 36(7):1085-6,2001
98. Haskel Y, Udassin R, Freund HR, Zhang JM, Hanani M.: Liquid enteral diets induce bacterial translocation by increasing cecal flora without changing intestinal motility. JPEN 25(2):60-64, 2001
99. Koplewitz BZ, Udassin R: Radiographic assessment of the gap between oesophageal pouches in infants with oesophageal atresia without fistula. Eur J Pediatr 162:650-651,2003
100. Hirschl RB, Yardeni D, Oldham K, et al.: Gastric transposition for esophageal replacement in children: experience with 41 consecutive cases with special emphasis on esophageal atresia. Ann Surg 2002;236(4):531-9; discussion 539-41.
101. Seror D, Nissan A, Spira RM, Feigin E, Udassin R, Freund HR: Comparison of bursting pressure of abdominal wall defects repaired by three conventional techniques. Am Surg 2003;69(11):978-80.
102. Matot I, Eimerl D, Rabinovich Y, Udassin R: Effect of morphine on small bowel propulsion after intestinal ischemia. Anesthesiology 2004;100(2):450-2.
103. Udassin R: New insights in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Isr Med Assoc J 2004;6(3):160-1.